diff --git a/docling/models/code_formula_model.py b/docling/models/code_formula_model.py
index 3694ecbe..5832ca3f 100644
--- a/docling/models/code_formula_model.py
+++ b/docling/models/code_formula_model.py
@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 import re
+from collections import Counter
 from pathlib import Path
 from typing import Iterable, List, Literal, Optional, Tuple, Union
 
@@ -11,7 +12,7 @@ from docling_core.types.doc import (
     TextItem,
 )
 from docling_core.types.doc.labels import CodeLanguageLabel
-from PIL import Image
+from PIL import Image, ImageOps
 from pydantic import BaseModel
 
 from docling.datamodel.base_models import ItemAndImageEnrichmentElement
@@ -65,7 +66,7 @@ class CodeFormulaModel(BaseItemAndImageEnrichmentModel):
     _model_repo_folder = "ds4sd--CodeFormula"
     elements_batch_size = 5
     images_scale = 1.66  # = 120 dpi, aligned with training data resolution
-    expansion_factor = 0.03
+    expansion_factor = 0.18
 
     def __init__(
         self,
@@ -206,6 +207,114 @@ class CodeFormulaModel(BaseItemAndImageEnrichmentModel):
         except ValueError:
             return CodeLanguageLabel.UNKNOWN
 
+    # def _pad_image_with_edge_color(self, img: Union[Image.Image, np.ndarray], padding: tuple) -> Image.Image:
+    #     """
+    #     Pads the image with different padding sizes per side, filled with the outermost pixels.
+
+    #     Parameters:
+    #     ----------
+    #         img : PIL.Image
+    #             The original image.
+    #         padding : tuple
+    #             Padding amounts as (left, top, right, bottom).
+
+    #     Returns:
+    #     ---------
+    #         PIL.Image: The padded image.
+    #     """
+    #     if isinstance(img, np.ndarray):
+    #         img = Image.fromarray(img)
+
+    #     left, top, right, bottom = padding
+
+    #     img_np = np.array(img)
+
+    #     if img_np.ndim == 2:
+    #         # Grayscale
+    #         pad_width = ((top, bottom), (left, right))
+    #     else:
+    #         # RGB or RGBA
+    #         pad_width = ((top, bottom), (left, right), (0, 0))
+
+    #     padded_np = np.pad(img_np, pad_width=pad_width, mode='edge')
+
+    #     return Image.fromarray(padded_np, img.mode)
+    def _get_most_frequent_edge_color(self, pil_img: Image.Image):
+        """
+        Compute the most frequent color along the outer edges of a PIL image.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+            pil_img : Image.Image
+                A PIL Image in any mode (L, RGB, RGBA, etc.).
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+            (int) or (tuple): The most common edge color as a scalar (for grayscale) or
+                tuple (for RGB/RGBA).
+        """
+        # Convert to NumPy array for easy pixel access
+        img_np = np.array(pil_img)
+
+        if img_np.ndim == 2:
+            # Grayscale-like image: shape (H, W)
+            # Extract edges: top row, bottom row, left col, right col
+            top = img_np[0, :]  # shape (W,)
+            bottom = img_np[-1, :]  # shape (W,)
+            left = img_np[:, 0]  # shape (H,)
+            right = img_np[:, -1]  # shape (H,)
+
+            # Concatenate all edges
+            edges = np.concatenate([top, bottom, left, right])
+
+            # Count frequencies
+            freq = Counter(edges.tolist())
+            most_common_value, _ = freq.most_common(1)[0]
+            return int(most_common_value)  # single channel color
+
+        else:
+            # Color image: shape (H, W, C)
+            top = img_np[0, :, :]  # shape (W, C)
+            bottom = img_np[-1, :, :]  # shape (W, C)
+            left = img_np[:, 0, :]  # shape (H, C)
+            right = img_np[:, -1, :]  # shape (H, C)
+
+            # Concatenate edges along first axis
+            edges = np.concatenate([top, bottom, left, right], axis=0)
+
+            # Convert each color to a tuple for counting
+            edges_as_tuples = [tuple(pixel) for pixel in edges]
+            freq = Counter(edges_as_tuples)
+            most_common_value, _ = freq.most_common(1)[0]
+            return most_common_value  # e.g. (R, G, B) or (R, G, B, A)
+
+    def _pad_with_most_frequent_edge_color(
+        self, img: Union[Image.Image, np.ndarray], padding: Tuple[int, int, int, int]
+    ):
+        """
+        Pads an image (PIL or NumPy array) using the most frequent edge color.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+            img : Union[Image.Image, np.ndarray]
+                The original image.
+            padding : tuple
+                Padding (left, top, right, bottom) in pixels.
+
+        Returns
+        -------
+            Image.Image: A new PIL image with the specified padding.
+        """
+        if isinstance(img, np.ndarray):
+            pil_img = Image.fromarray(img)
+        else:
+            pil_img = img
+
+        most_freq_color = self._get_most_frequent_edge_color(pil_img)
+
+        padded_img = ImageOps.expand(pil_img, border=padding, fill=most_freq_color)
+        return padded_img
+
     def __call__(
         self,
         doc: DoclingDocument,
@@ -238,7 +347,9 @@ class CodeFormulaModel(BaseItemAndImageEnrichmentModel):
             assert isinstance(el.item, TextItem)
             elements.append(el.item)
             labels.append(el.item.label)
-            images.append(el.image)
+            images.append(
+                self._pad_with_most_frequent_edge_color(el.image, (20, 10, 20, 10))
+            )
 
         outputs = self.code_formula_model.predict(images, labels)
 
diff --git a/tests/data/pdf/code_and_formula.pdf b/tests/data/pdf/code_and_formula.pdf
index ecb5f758..1a377223 100644
Binary files a/tests/data/pdf/code_and_formula.pdf and b/tests/data/pdf/code_and_formula.pdf differ