item-0 at level 0: unspecified: group _root_
  item-1 at level 1: title: The Association between Obstruct ... o-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study
  item-2 at level 1: paragraph: Zhihai Huang; Emergency Medicine ... niversity, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, China
  item-3 at level 1: text: Background Despite previous obse ... tween OSA and VTE in either direction.
  item-4 at level 1: section_header: Introduction
    item-5 at level 2: text: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is ... ed with the prevalence of obesity. 3 4
    item-6 at level 2: text: There is mounting evidence indic ...  potential bidirectional relationship.
    item-7 at level 2: text: Although previous observational  ... in classical epidemiologic studies. 17
  item-8 at level 1: section_header: Data Source and Selection of Instrumental Variables
    item-9 at level 2: text: Summary-level data for OSA were  ...  data sources is provided in Table 1 .
    item-10 at level 2: text: The selection criteria for IVs w ... t of IV selection is shown in Fig. 1 .
  item-11 at level 1: section_header: Statistical Analysis
    item-12 at level 2: text: This study employed the multipli ...  indicating significant heterogeneity.
  item-13 at level 1: section_header: Instrumental Variable Selection
    item-14 at level 2: text: As previously outlined, a total  ... lysis are provided in Tables 2 and 3 .
  item-15 at level 1: section_header: Effects of OSA on VTE
    item-16 at level 2: text: Fig. 2 shows the estimates of th ...  to detect any evidence of pleiotropy.
    item-17 at level 2: text: The validation analysis using ge ... netic association between OSA and VTE.
  item-18 at level 1: section_header: Effects of VTE on OSA
    item-19 at level 2: text: We conducted reverse MR analysis ... med the reliability of the MR results.
  item-20 at level 1: section_header: Discussion
    item-21 at level 2: text: Our findings contradict some pre ...  an increased risk of VTE. 29 30 31 32
    item-22 at level 2: text: However, these studies were hind ...  adjusting for obesity confounding. 36
    item-23 at level 2: text: While our MR study did not find  ... A and VTE, delving into greater depth.
  item-24 at level 1: section_header: Tables
  item-26 at level 1: table with [6x7]
    item-26 at level 2: caption: Table 1 Information on data sources
  item-28 at level 1: table with [47x17]
    item-28 at level 2: caption: Table 2 Genetic variants used in the MR analysis
  item-30 at level 1: table with [112x11]
    item-30 at level 2: caption: Table 3 Genetic variants used in the reverse MR analysis
  item-31 at level 1: section_header: Figures
  item-33 at level 1: picture
    item-33 at level 2: caption: Fig. 1 The flowchart of instrumental variables selection. LD, linkage disequilibrium; SNPs, single-nucleotide polymorphisms; BMI, body mass index; VTE, venous thromboembolism; PE, pulmonary embolism; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; ①, represents OSA (Jiang et al) as the outcome; ②, represents OSA (Campos et al) as the outcome.
  item-35 at level 1: picture
    item-35 at level 2: caption: Fig. 2 The genetic association of OSA with VTE/PE/DVT. OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; VTE, venous thromboembolism; PE, pulmonary embolism; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; MR, mendelian randomization; IVW, inverse variance weighted; PRESSO, pleiotropy residual sum and outlier; P*, represents P for heterogeneity test; P**, represents P for MR-Egger intercept; P***, represents P for MR-PRESSO global test.
  item-37 at level 1: picture
    item-37 at level 2: caption: Fig. 3 The genetic association of VTE/PE/DVT with OSA. OSA, obstructive sleep apnea; VTE, venous thromboembolism; PE, pulmonary embolism; DVT, deep vein thrombosis; MR, mendelian randomization; IVW, inverse variance weighted; PRESSO, pleiotropy residual sum and outlier; P*, represents P for heterogeneity test; P**, represents P for MR-Egger intercept; P***, represents P for MR-PRESSO global test.
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