renderer_vulkan: Add fallback path for pipelines with more than 32 bindings

src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv.cpp

@@ -208,6 +208,9 @@ void DefineEntryPoint(const IR::Program& program, EmitContext& ctx, Id main) {
     if (info.uses_group_quad) {
         ctx.AddCapability(spv::Capability::GroupNonUniformQuad);
     }
+    if (info.uses_group_ballot) {
+        ctx.AddCapability(spv::Capability::GroupNonUniformBallot);
+    }
     switch (program.info.stage) {
     case Stage::Compute: {
         const std::array<u32, 3> workgroup_size{ctx.runtime_info.cs_info.workgroup_size};

src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/emit_spirv_warp.cpp

@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ Id EmitReadFirstLane(EmitContext& ctx, Id value) {
 }
 
 Id EmitReadLane(EmitContext& ctx, Id value, u32 lane) {
-    return ctx.OpGroupNonUniformBroadcast(ctx.U32[1], SubgroupScope(ctx), value, ctx.ConstU32(lane));
+    return ctx.OpGroupNonUniformBroadcast(ctx.U32[1], SubgroupScope(ctx), value,
+                                          ctx.ConstU32(lane));
 }
 
 Id EmitWriteLane(EmitContext& ctx, Id value, Id write_value, u32 lane) {

src/shader_recompiler/backend/spirv/spirv_emit_context.cpp

@@ -324,16 +324,18 @@ void EmitContext::DefineOutputs() {
 
 void EmitContext::DefinePushDataBlock() {
     // Create push constants block for instance steps rates
-    const Id struct_type{Name(TypeStruct(U32[1], U32[1], U32[4], U32[4]), "AuxData")};
+    const Id struct_type{Name(TypeStruct(U32[1], U32[1], U32[4], U32[4], U32[4]), "AuxData")};
     Decorate(struct_type, spv::Decoration::Block);
     MemberName(struct_type, 0, "sr0");
     MemberName(struct_type, 1, "sr1");
     MemberName(struct_type, 2, "buf_offsets0");
     MemberName(struct_type, 3, "buf_offsets1");
+    MemberName(struct_type, 4, "buf_offsets2");
     MemberDecorate(struct_type, 0, spv::Decoration::Offset, 0U);
     MemberDecorate(struct_type, 1, spv::Decoration::Offset, 4U);
     MemberDecorate(struct_type, 2, spv::Decoration::Offset, 8U);
     MemberDecorate(struct_type, 3, spv::Decoration::Offset, 24U);
+    MemberDecorate(struct_type, 4, spv::Decoration::Offset, 40U);
     push_data_block = DefineVar(struct_type, spv::StorageClass::PushConstant);
     Name(push_data_block, "push_data");
     interfaces.push_back(push_data_block);

src/shader_recompiler/info.h

@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ struct PushData {
 
     u32 step0;
     u32 step1;
-    std::array<u8, 32> buf_offsets;
+    std::array<u8, 48> buf_offsets;
 
     void AddOffset(u32 binding, u32 offset) {
         ASSERT(offset < 256 && binding < buf_offsets.size());
@@ -166,6 +166,7 @@ struct Info {
     bool has_image_query{};
     bool uses_lane_id{};
     bool uses_group_quad{};
+    bool uses_group_ballot{};
     bool uses_shared{};
     bool uses_fp16{};
     bool uses_step_rates{};

src/shader_recompiler/ir/passes/resource_tracking_pass.cpp

@@ -223,12 +223,8 @@ public:
 
     u32 Add(const SamplerResource& desc) {
         const u32 index{Add(sampler_resources, desc, [this, &desc](const auto& existing) {
-            if (desc.sgpr_base == existing.sgpr_base &&
+            return desc.sgpr_base == existing.sgpr_base &&
-                desc.dword_offset == existing.dword_offset) {
+                   desc.dword_offset == existing.dword_offset;
-                return true;
-            }
-            // Samplers with different bindings might still be the same.
-            return existing.GetSharp(info) == desc.GetSharp(info);
         })};
         return index;
     }

src/shader_recompiler/ir/passes/shader_info_collection_pass.cpp

@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@ void Visit(Info& info, IR::Inst& inst) {
     case IR::Opcode::QuadShuffle:
         info.uses_group_quad = true;
         break;
+    case IR::Opcode::ReadLane:
+        info.uses_group_ballot = true;
+        break;
     case IR::Opcode::Discard:
     case IR::Opcode::DiscardCond:
         info.has_discard = true;

src/video_core/buffer_cache/buffer_cache.cpp

@@ -577,9 +577,6 @@ bool BufferCache::SynchronizeBufferFromImage(Buffer& buffer, VAddr device_addr,
         return false;
     }
     Image& image = texture_cache.GetImage(image_id);
-    if (image.info.guest_size_bytes > size) {
-        return false;
-    }
     boost::container::small_vector<vk::BufferImageCopy, 8> copies;
     u32 offset = buffer.Offset(image.cpu_addr);
     const u32 num_layers = image.info.resources.layers;
@@ -589,6 +586,9 @@ bool BufferCache::SynchronizeBufferFromImage(Buffer& buffer, VAddr device_addr,
         const u32 depth =
             image.info.props.is_volume ? std::max(image.info.size.depth >> m, 1u) : 1u;
         const auto& [mip_size, mip_pitch, mip_height, mip_ofs] = image.info.mips_layout[m];
+        if (offset + (mip_ofs * num_layers) > buffer.SizeBytes()) {
+            break;
+        }
         copies.push_back({
             .bufferOffset = offset,
             .bufferRowLength = static_cast<u32>(mip_pitch),
@@ -604,11 +604,13 @@ bool BufferCache::SynchronizeBufferFromImage(Buffer& buffer, VAddr device_addr,
         });
         offset += mip_ofs * num_layers;
     }
-    scheduler.EndRendering();
+    if (!copies.empty()) {
-    image.Transit(vk::ImageLayout::eTransferSrcOptimal, vk::AccessFlagBits::eTransferRead);
+        scheduler.EndRendering();
-    const auto cmdbuf = scheduler.CommandBuffer();
+        image.Transit(vk::ImageLayout::eTransferSrcOptimal, vk::AccessFlagBits::eTransferRead);
-    cmdbuf.copyImageToBuffer(image.image, vk::ImageLayout::eTransferSrcOptimal, buffer.buffer,
+        const auto cmdbuf = scheduler.CommandBuffer();
-                             copies);
+        cmdbuf.copyImageToBuffer(image.image, vk::ImageLayout::eTransferSrcOptimal, buffer.buffer,
+                                 copies);
+    }
     return true;
 }
 

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_compute_pipeline.cpp

@@ -12,9 +12,11 @@
 namespace Vulkan {
 
 ComputePipeline::ComputePipeline(const Instance& instance_, Scheduler& scheduler_,
-                                 vk::PipelineCache pipeline_cache, u64 compute_key_,
+                                 DescriptorHeap& desc_heap_, vk::PipelineCache pipeline_cache,
-                                 const Shader::Info& info_, vk::ShaderModule module)
+                                 u64 compute_key_, const Shader::Info& info_,
-    : instance{instance_}, scheduler{scheduler_}, compute_key{compute_key_}, info{&info_} {
+                                 vk::ShaderModule module)
+    : instance{instance_}, scheduler{scheduler_}, desc_heap{desc_heap_}, compute_key{compute_key_},
+      info{&info_} {
     const vk::PipelineShaderStageCreateInfo shader_ci = {
         .stage = vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eCompute,
         .module = module,
@@ -66,8 +68,12 @@ ComputePipeline::ComputePipeline(const Instance& instance_, Scheduler& scheduler
         .size = sizeof(Shader::PushData),
     };
 
+    uses_push_descriptors = binding < instance.MaxPushDescriptors();
+    const auto flags = uses_push_descriptors
+                           ? vk::DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlagBits::ePushDescriptorKHR
+                           : vk::DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlagBits{};
     const vk::DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo desc_layout_ci = {
-        .flags = vk::DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlagBits::ePushDescriptorKHR,
+        .flags = flags,
         .bindingCount = static_cast<u32>(bindings.size()),
         .pBindings = bindings.data(),
     };
@@ -265,9 +271,21 @@ bool ComputePipeline::BindResources(VideoCore::BufferCache& buffer_cache,
         cmdbuf.pipelineBarrier2(dependencies);
     }
 
+    if (uses_push_descriptors) {
+        cmdbuf.pushDescriptorSetKHR(vk::PipelineBindPoint::eCompute, *pipeline_layout, 0,
+                                    set_writes);
+    } else {
+        const auto desc_set = desc_heap.Commit(*desc_layout);
+        for (auto& set_write : set_writes) {
+            set_write.dstSet = desc_set;
+        }
+        instance.GetDevice().updateDescriptorSets(set_writes, {});
+        cmdbuf.bindDescriptorSets(vk::PipelineBindPoint::eCompute, *pipeline_layout, 0, desc_set,
+                                  {});
+    }
+
     cmdbuf.pushConstants(*pipeline_layout, vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eCompute, 0u, sizeof(push_data),
                          &push_data);
-    cmdbuf.pushDescriptorSetKHR(vk::PipelineBindPoint::eCompute, *pipeline_layout, 0, set_writes);
     return true;
 }
 

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_compute_pipeline.h

@@ -16,12 +16,13 @@ namespace Vulkan {
 
 class Instance;
 class Scheduler;
+class DescriptorHeap;
 
 class ComputePipeline {
 public:
     explicit ComputePipeline(const Instance& instance, Scheduler& scheduler,
-                             vk::PipelineCache pipeline_cache, u64 compute_key,
+                             DescriptorHeap& desc_heap, vk::PipelineCache pipeline_cache,
-                             const Shader::Info& info, vk::ShaderModule module);
+                             u64 compute_key, const Shader::Info& info, vk::ShaderModule module);
     ~ComputePipeline();
 
     [[nodiscard]] vk::Pipeline Handle() const noexcept {
@@ -34,11 +35,13 @@ public:
 private:
     const Instance& instance;
     Scheduler& scheduler;
+    DescriptorHeap& desc_heap;
     vk::UniquePipeline pipeline;
     vk::UniquePipelineLayout pipeline_layout;
     vk::UniqueDescriptorSetLayout desc_layout;
     u64 compute_key;
     const Shader::Info* info;
+    bool uses_push_descriptors{};
 };
 
 } // namespace Vulkan

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_graphics_pipeline.cpp

@@ -17,11 +17,11 @@
 namespace Vulkan {
 
 GraphicsPipeline::GraphicsPipeline(const Instance& instance_, Scheduler& scheduler_,
-                                   const GraphicsPipelineKey& key_,
+                                   DescriptorHeap& desc_heap_, const GraphicsPipelineKey& key_,
                                    vk::PipelineCache pipeline_cache,
                                    std::span<const Shader::Info*, MaxShaderStages> infos,
                                    std::span<const vk::ShaderModule> modules)
-    : instance{instance_}, scheduler{scheduler_}, key{key_} {
+    : instance{instance_}, scheduler{scheduler_}, desc_heap{desc_heap_}, key{key_} {
     const vk::Device device = instance.GetDevice();
     std::ranges::copy(infos, stages.begin());
     BuildDescSetLayout();
@@ -343,8 +343,12 @@ void GraphicsPipeline::BuildDescSetLayout() {
             });
         }
     }
+    uses_push_descriptors = binding < instance.MaxPushDescriptors();
+    const auto flags = uses_push_descriptors
+                           ? vk::DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlagBits::ePushDescriptorKHR
+                           : vk::DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlagBits{};
     const vk::DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo desc_layout_ci = {
-        .flags = vk::DescriptorSetLayoutCreateFlagBits::ePushDescriptorKHR,
+        .flags = flags,
         .bindingCount = static_cast<u32>(bindings.size()),
         .pBindings = bindings.data(),
     };
@@ -510,8 +514,18 @@ void GraphicsPipeline::BindResources(const Liverpool::Regs& regs,
     }
 
     if (!set_writes.empty()) {
-        cmdbuf.pushDescriptorSetKHR(vk::PipelineBindPoint::eGraphics, *pipeline_layout, 0,
+        if (uses_push_descriptors) {
-                                    set_writes);
+            cmdbuf.pushDescriptorSetKHR(vk::PipelineBindPoint::eGraphics, *pipeline_layout, 0,
+                                        set_writes);
+        } else {
+            const auto desc_set = desc_heap.Commit(*desc_layout);
+            for (auto& set_write : set_writes) {
+                set_write.dstSet = desc_set;
+            }
+            instance.GetDevice().updateDescriptorSets(set_writes, {});
+            cmdbuf.bindDescriptorSets(vk::PipelineBindPoint::eGraphics, *pipeline_layout, 0,
+                                      desc_set, {});
+        }
     }
     cmdbuf.pushConstants(*pipeline_layout,
                          vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eVertex | vk::ShaderStageFlagBits::eFragment, 0U,

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_graphics_pipeline.h

@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ static constexpr u32 MaxShaderStages = 5;
 
 class Instance;
 class Scheduler;
+class DescriptorHeap;
 
 using Liverpool = AmdGpu::Liverpool;
 
@@ -59,7 +60,8 @@ struct GraphicsPipelineKey {
 class GraphicsPipeline {
 public:
     explicit GraphicsPipeline(const Instance& instance, Scheduler& scheduler,
-                              const GraphicsPipelineKey& key, vk::PipelineCache pipeline_cache,
+                              DescriptorHeap& desc_heap, const GraphicsPipelineKey& key,
+                              vk::PipelineCache pipeline_cache,
                               std::span<const Shader::Info*, MaxShaderStages> stages,
                               std::span<const vk::ShaderModule> modules);
     ~GraphicsPipeline();
@@ -98,11 +100,13 @@ private:
 private:
     const Instance& instance;
     Scheduler& scheduler;
+    DescriptorHeap& desc_heap;
     vk::UniquePipeline pipeline;
     vk::UniquePipelineLayout pipeline_layout;
     vk::UniqueDescriptorSetLayout desc_layout;
     std::array<const Shader::Info*, MaxShaderStages> stages{};
     GraphicsPipelineKey key;
+    bool uses_push_descriptors{};
 };
 
 } // namespace Vulkan

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_instance.cpp

@@ -176,8 +176,10 @@ bool Instance::CreateDevice() {
         vk::PhysicalDevicePortabilitySubsetFeaturesKHR>();
     const vk::StructureChain properties_chain = physical_device.getProperties2<
         vk::PhysicalDeviceProperties2, vk::PhysicalDevicePortabilitySubsetPropertiesKHR,
-        vk::PhysicalDeviceExternalMemoryHostPropertiesEXT, vk::PhysicalDeviceVulkan11Properties>();
+        vk::PhysicalDeviceExternalMemoryHostPropertiesEXT, vk::PhysicalDeviceVulkan11Properties,
+        vk::PhysicalDevicePushDescriptorPropertiesKHR>();
     subgroup_size = properties_chain.get<vk::PhysicalDeviceVulkan11Properties>().subgroupSize;
+    push_descriptor_props = properties_chain.get<vk::PhysicalDevicePushDescriptorPropertiesKHR>();
     LOG_INFO(Render_Vulkan, "Physical device subgroup size {}", subgroup_size);
 
     features = feature_chain.get().features;

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_instance.h

@@ -207,6 +207,11 @@ public:
         return properties.limits.maxTexelBufferElements;
     }
 
+    /// Returns the maximum number of push descriptors.
+    u32 MaxPushDescriptors() const {
+        return push_descriptor_props.maxPushDescriptors;
+    }
+
     /// Returns true if shaders can declare the ClipDistance attribute
     bool IsShaderClipDistanceSupported() const {
         return features.shaderClipDistance;
@@ -242,6 +247,7 @@ private:
     vk::PhysicalDevice physical_device;
     vk::UniqueDevice device;
     vk::PhysicalDeviceProperties properties;
+    vk::PhysicalDevicePushDescriptorPropertiesKHR push_descriptor_props;
     vk::PhysicalDeviceFeatures features;
     vk::DriverIdKHR driver_id;
     vk::UniqueDebugUtilsMessengerEXT debug_callback{};

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_pipeline_cache.cpp

@@ -20,6 +20,15 @@ namespace Vulkan {
 
 using Shader::VsOutput;
 
+constexpr static std::array DescriptorHeapSizes = {
+    vk::DescriptorPoolSize{vk::DescriptorType::eUniformBuffer, 8192},
+    vk::DescriptorPoolSize{vk::DescriptorType::eStorageBuffer, 1024},
+    vk::DescriptorPoolSize{vk::DescriptorType::eUniformTexelBuffer, 128},
+    vk::DescriptorPoolSize{vk::DescriptorType::eStorageTexelBuffer, 128},
+    vk::DescriptorPoolSize{vk::DescriptorType::eSampledImage, 8192},
+    vk::DescriptorPoolSize{vk::DescriptorType::eSampler, 1024},
+};
+
 [[nodiscard]] inline u64 HashCombine(const u64 seed, const u64 hash) {
     return seed ^ (hash + 0x9e3779b9 + (seed << 6) + (seed >> 2));
 }
@@ -120,7 +129,8 @@ Shader::RuntimeInfo PipelineCache::BuildRuntimeInfo(Shader::Stage stage) {
 
 PipelineCache::PipelineCache(const Instance& instance_, Scheduler& scheduler_,
                              AmdGpu::Liverpool* liverpool_)
-    : instance{instance_}, scheduler{scheduler_}, liverpool{liverpool_} {
+    : instance{instance_}, scheduler{scheduler_}, liverpool{liverpool_},
+      desc_heap{instance, scheduler.GetMasterSemaphore(), DescriptorHeapSizes} {
     profile = Shader::Profile{
         .supported_spirv = instance.ApiVersion() >= VK_API_VERSION_1_3 ? 0x00010600U : 0x00010500U,
         .subgroup_size = instance.SubgroupSize(),
@@ -153,8 +163,8 @@ const GraphicsPipeline* PipelineCache::GetGraphicsPipeline() {
     }
     const auto [it, is_new] = graphics_pipelines.try_emplace(graphics_key);
     if (is_new) {
-        it.value() = std::make_unique<GraphicsPipeline>(instance, scheduler, graphics_key,
+        it.value() = std::make_unique<GraphicsPipeline>(
-                                                        *pipeline_cache, infos, modules);
+            instance, scheduler, desc_heap, graphics_key, *pipeline_cache, infos, modules);
     }
     const GraphicsPipeline* pipeline = it->second.get();
     return pipeline;
@@ -166,8 +176,8 @@ const ComputePipeline* PipelineCache::GetComputePipeline() {
     }
     const auto [it, is_new] = compute_pipelines.try_emplace(compute_key);
     if (is_new) {
-        it.value() = std::make_unique<ComputePipeline>(instance, scheduler, *pipeline_cache,
+        it.value() = std::make_unique<ComputePipeline>(
-                                                       compute_key, *infos[0], modules[0]);
+            instance, scheduler, desc_heap, *pipeline_cache, compute_key, *infos[0], modules[0]);
     }
     const ComputePipeline* pipeline = it->second.get();
     return pipeline;

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_pipeline_cache.h

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 #include "shader_recompiler/specialization.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_compute_pipeline.h"
 #include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_graphics_pipeline.h"
+#include "video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_resource_pool.h"
 
 namespace Shader {
 struct Info;
@@ -66,6 +67,7 @@ private:
     const Instance& instance;
     Scheduler& scheduler;
     AmdGpu::Liverpool* liverpool;
+    DescriptorHeap desc_heap;
     vk::UniquePipelineCache pipeline_cache;
     vk::UniquePipelineLayout pipeline_layout;
     Shader::Profile profile{};

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_platform.cpp

@@ -43,6 +43,7 @@ static VKAPI_ATTR VkBool32 VKAPI_CALL DebugUtilsCallback(
     case 0x609a13b: // Vertex attribute at location not consumed by shader
     case 0xc81ad50e:
     case 0xb7c39078:
+    case 0x30b6e267: // TODO remove this
     case 0x32868fde: // vkCreateBufferView(): pCreateInfo->range does not equal VK_WHOLE_SIZE
     case 0x92d66fc1: // `pMultisampleState is NULL` for depth only passes (confirmed VL error)
         return VK_FALSE;

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_resource_pool.cpp

@@ -106,31 +106,10 @@ vk::CommandBuffer CommandPool::Commit() {
 constexpr u32 DESCRIPTOR_SET_BATCH = 32;
 
 DescriptorHeap::DescriptorHeap(const Instance& instance, MasterSemaphore* master_semaphore,
-                               std::span<const vk::DescriptorSetLayoutBinding> bindings,
+                               std::span<const vk::DescriptorPoolSize> pool_sizes_,
                                u32 descriptor_heap_count_)
     : ResourcePool{master_semaphore, DESCRIPTOR_SET_BATCH}, device{instance.GetDevice()},
-      descriptor_heap_count{descriptor_heap_count_} {
+      descriptor_heap_count{descriptor_heap_count_}, pool_sizes{pool_sizes_} {
-    // Create descriptor set layout.
-    const vk::DescriptorSetLayoutCreateInfo layout_ci = {
-        .bindingCount = static_cast<u32>(bindings.size()),
-        .pBindings = bindings.data(),
-    };
-    descriptor_set_layout = device.createDescriptorSetLayoutUnique(layout_ci);
-    if (instance.HasDebuggingToolAttached()) {
-        SetObjectName(device, *descriptor_set_layout, "DescriptorSetLayout");
-    }
-
-    // Build descriptor set pool counts.
-    std::unordered_map<vk::DescriptorType, u16> descriptor_type_counts;
-    for (const auto& binding : bindings) {
-        descriptor_type_counts[binding.descriptorType] += binding.descriptorCount;
-    }
-    for (const auto& [type, count] : descriptor_type_counts) {
-        auto& pool_size = pool_sizes.emplace_back();
-        pool_size.descriptorCount = count * descriptor_heap_count;
-        pool_size.type = type;
-    }
-
     // Create descriptor pool
     AppendDescriptorPool();
 }
@@ -143,7 +122,7 @@ void DescriptorHeap::Allocate(std::size_t begin, std::size_t end) {
     hashes.resize(end);
 
     std::array<vk::DescriptorSetLayout, DESCRIPTOR_SET_BATCH> layouts;
-    layouts.fill(*descriptor_set_layout);
+    layouts.fill(descriptor_set_layout);
 
     u32 current_pool = 0;
     vk::DescriptorSetAllocateInfo alloc_info = {
@@ -171,7 +150,8 @@ void DescriptorHeap::Allocate(std::size_t begin, std::size_t end) {
     }
 }
 
-vk::DescriptorSet DescriptorHeap::Commit() {
+vk::DescriptorSet DescriptorHeap::Commit(vk::DescriptorSetLayout set_layout) {
+    this->descriptor_set_layout = set_layout;
     const std::size_t index = CommitResource();
     return descriptor_sets[index];
 }

src/video_core/renderer_vulkan/vk_resource_pool.h

@@ -65,26 +65,22 @@ private:
 class DescriptorHeap final : public ResourcePool {
 public:
     explicit DescriptorHeap(const Instance& instance, MasterSemaphore* master_semaphore,
-                            std::span<const vk::DescriptorSetLayoutBinding> bindings,
+                            std::span<const vk::DescriptorPoolSize> pool_sizes,
                             u32 descriptor_heap_count = 1024);
     ~DescriptorHeap() override;
 
-    const vk::DescriptorSetLayout& Layout() const {
-        return *descriptor_set_layout;
-    }
-
     void Allocate(std::size_t begin, std::size_t end) override;
 
-    vk::DescriptorSet Commit();
+    vk::DescriptorSet Commit(vk::DescriptorSetLayout set_layout);
 
 private:
     void AppendDescriptorPool();
 
 private:
     vk::Device device;
-    vk::UniqueDescriptorSetLayout descriptor_set_layout;
+    vk::DescriptorSetLayout descriptor_set_layout;
     u32 descriptor_heap_count;
-    std::vector<vk::DescriptorPoolSize> pool_sizes;
+    std::span<const vk::DescriptorPoolSize> pool_sizes;
     std::vector<vk::UniqueDescriptorPool> pools;
     std::vector<vk::DescriptorSet> descriptor_sets;
     std::vector<std::size_t> hashes;